基于不等式约束的三维电阻率探测混合反演方法   总被引：2，自引：2，他引：0       下载免费PDF全文

刘斌  刘征宇  宋杰  聂利超  王传武  陈磊 《地球物理学报》2017,60(2):820-832

三维电阻率探测的线性反演和非线性反演中均存在着多解性的固有难题.电阻率线性反演方法的效率较高,但反演结果对初始模型的依赖性较强,易陷入局部极小;而非线性反演方法不依赖初始模型,但搜索效率极低,尚未见到关于三维电阻率非线性反演的文献.针对上述问题,融合线性与非线性反演方法的互补优势,提出了最小二乘法(线性方法)与改进遗传算法(非线性方法)相结合的混合反演方法的概念和思想.首先,提出了将介质电阻率变化范围作为不等式约束引入反演方程的思路,以实现压制多解性、提高可靠性的目标.提出了宽松不等式约束和基于钻孔推断的局部严格不等式约束的获取及定义方法.在此基础上,分别提出了基于不等式约束的最小二乘线性反演方法和遗传算法非线性反演方法.其次,对于遗传算法在变异搜索方向控制、初始群体产生等方面进行了改进,优化了其搜索方向和初始群体多样性.然后,提出了混合反演方法及其实现方案,利用改进遗传算法进行第一阶段反演,发挥其对初始模型的依赖程度低的优势,搜索到最优解附近的空间,输出当前最优个体;利用最小二乘法进行第二阶段反演,将遗传算法得到的当前最优个体作为初始模型,在最优解附近空间执行高效率的局部线性搜索,最终实现地电结构的三维成像.最后,开展了合成数据与实际工程算例验证,与传统最小二乘方法进行了对比,发现混合反演方法在压制多解性、摆脱初始模型依赖和提高反演效果方面有较好效果.  相似文献   

Water temperature modelling: comparison between the generalized additive model,logistic, residuals regression and linear regression models     

Fatima Laanaya  André St-Hilaire  Erwan Gloaguen 《水文科学杂志》2017,62(7):1078-1093

Water temperature has a significant influence on aquatic organisms, including stenotherm fish such as salmonids. It is thus of prime importance to build reliable tools to forecast water temperature. This study evaluated a statistical scheme to model average water temperature based on daily average air temperature and average discharge at the Sainte-Marguerite River, Northern Canada. The aim was to test a non-parametric water temperature generalized additive model (GAM) and to compare its performance to three previously developed approaches: the logistic, residuals regression and linear regression models. Due to its flexibility, the GAM was able to capture some of the nonlinear response between water temperature and the two explanatory variables (air temperature and flow). The shape of these effects was determined by the trends shown in the collected data. The four models were evaluated annually using a cross-validation technique. Three comparison criteria were calculated: the root mean square error (RMSE), the bias error and the Nash-Sutcliffe coefficient of efficiency (NSC). The goodness of fit of the four models was also compared graphically. The GAM was the best among the four models (RMSE = 1.44°C, bias = ?0.04 and NSC = 0.94).  相似文献   

Investigation of highly efficient algorithms for solving linear equations in the discontinuous deformation analysis method          下载免费PDF全文

Xiaodong Fu  Qian Sheng  Yonghui Zhang  Jian Chen 《国际地质力学数值与分析法杂志》2016,40(4):469-486

Large‐scale engineering computing using the discontinuous deformation analysis (DDA) method is time‐consuming, which hinders the application of the DDA method. The simulation result of a typical numerical example indicates that the linear equation solver is a key factor that affects the efficiency of the DDA method. In this paper, highly efficient algorithms for solving linear equations are investigated, and two modifications of the DDA programme are presented. The first modification is a linear equation solver with high efficiency. The block Jacobi (BJ) iterative method and the block conjugate gradient with Jacobi pre‐processing (Jacobi‐PCG) iterative method are introduced, and the key operations are detailed, including the matrix‐vector product and the diagonal matrix inversion. Another modification consists of a parallel linear equation solver, which is separately constructed based on the multi‐thread and CPU‐GPU heterogeneous platforms with OpenMP and CUDA, respectively. The simulation results from several numerical examples using the modified DDA programme demonstrate that the Jacobi‐PCG is a better iterative method for large‐scale engineering computing and that adoptive parallel strategies can greatly enhance computational efficiency. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

Surfactant Enhance DLLME/FO‐LADS: Assay of Malachite Green Level in Aquatic Environment of Trout Fish     

Araz Bidari  Mohammad Reza Ganjali  Parviz Norouzi 《洁净——土壤、空气、水》2011,39(1):83-87

Malachite green (MG), a traditional agent used in aquaculture although is not approved; its low cost and high efficacy make illicit use likely. We developed a small‐scale, simple, and sensitive dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction procedure for the assay of trace amounts of MG in aquatic environment of Trout fish. Fiber optic‐linear array detection spectrophotometry with charge‐coupled device detector benefiting from a microcell was used for this purpose. The method is based on enhancement effect of an anionic surfactant on the extraction of MG in to very fine multidroplets of microextraction solvent which made assisted by disperser solvent. Under the optimum conditions, the enrichment factor 77.5 was obtained from a 5‐mL water sample. The calibration graph was linear up to 5 × 10^?7 mol L^?1 with detection limit of 1 × 10^?8 mol L^?1. The relative standard deviation for seven replicate measurements of 4 × 10^?7 and 5 × 10^?8 mol L^?1 of MG were 3.3 and 4.5%, respectively.  相似文献   

基于静态小波变换的趋势面构造     

蒋开明  顾民  葛良全  顾莉 《物探与化探》2011,35(6):848-850

在勘查数据处理异常分离方面,针对多项式最小二乘拟合构造的趋势面存在拟合度无法调整以及会出现失真情况的不足,提出了基于静态小波变换的趋势面构造方法。经过小波变换得到的近似系数表征信号的趋势,不同尺度的近似系数代表不同尺度下的趋势,静态小波变换后的近似系数和细节系数没有进行下采样,近似系数和细节系数仍然和原信号的长度相同。这种方法能根据需要构造出不同拟合度的趋势面且失真度很低。  相似文献   

陕西小秦岭金矿深部找矿潜力分析     

张启  刘辰  马玉梅  陈少迅 《陕西地质》2011,29(1):23-28

小秦岭金矿位于华北地台南缘小秦岭隆起北部的太华台拱区,矿床成因类型为石英脉—构造蚀变岩型;区内太古界太华群地层既是赋矿地层也是矿源层,矿体严格受脆韧性构造带控制,燕山期岩浆岩为金的活化、运移提供了热动力。  相似文献   

甘肃舟曲三眼峪沟泥石流的形成条件与发展趋势   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

胡向德  毕远宏  魏洁 《中国地质灾害与防治学报》2011,22(2):55-60

2010年8月8日,舟曲县城北侧三眼峪沟和罗家峪沟暴发的特大山洪泥石流,给舟曲县城人民生命财产造成了巨大损失。本文基于现场调查,分析了三眼峪沟泥石流的形成条件和未来泥石流的发展趋势。调查发现,独特的地形条件、极其丰富的固体物质储备和极端降雨条件,导致了"8.8"特大泥石流灾害。崩塌堆积体是三眼峪沟泥石流固体物质的最主要来源,受"8.8"泥石流的影响,沟内堆积物的稳定性进一步降低,一旦有强降雨发生,该沟很可能再次发生泥石流,并且泥石流的规模和活动性可能进一步增强。  相似文献   

甘肃北山及其邻区钨钼化探异常特征及其成矿规律     

刘堆富  汪海峰  陈玉峰  何智祖  李霖 《西北地质》2011,44(4):58-66

采用趋势面分析方法对甘肃北山1∶20万化探数据进行了处理后,所圈定出的一批W、Sn、Mo、Bi趋势剩余异常,不论从其空间分布特征、元素组合特征、与地层岩性、断裂构造、岩浆岩的关系分析,还是与已知矿床(点)的吻合对应情况来看,都与研究区地质情况吻合较好.通过典型矿床地质特征的论述后指出,北山地区钨钼矿的产出,W、Sn、Mo、Bi趋势剩余异常的空间展布受地层岩性、断裂构造、岩浆岩控制明显.不同的大地构造环境和不同的构造演化阶段决定了本区地层、构造、岩浆岩的产出特征,进而决定了本区W、Sn、Mo、Bi趋势剩余异常的组合及产出特征,当上述3个条件耦合在一起时,则形成规模大、类型复杂、有用组分多的中一大型多金属矿床.同时,在一些老矿区及其周边圈定了一批W、Sn、Mo、Bi趋势剩余异常,异常形态规整,趋势剩余明显,建议加强老矿区的综合研究工作,以加强危机矿山二轮找矿及资源综合利用工作.  相似文献   

榆神矿区榆树湾井田及其邻区主采煤层赋存特征研究     

王悦  夏玉成  杜荣军 《中国煤炭地质》2011,(11):6-8,12

利用榆神矿区榆树湾井田及其邻区钻孔资料,采用趋势分析法研究了2-2煤层厚度及其底板高程变化特征,探讨了煤层赋存特征及其成因。结果表明：2-2煤层由南东向北西赋存高程降低,同时煤层厚度变小;2-2煤层厚度的局部性变化受到盆地微古地貌特征或聚煤期基底沉降幅度的控制：煤层底板次级凹陷部位煤层增厚,次级隆起部位为煤层的次级减薄区,说明古地貌低洼处或盆地基底沉降幅度较大的地区对聚煤有利;榆树湾井田和邻区相比是煤层赋存最好的区域。  相似文献   

新世纪上海地区相对海平面变化影响因素及预测方法   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

王冬梅  程和琴  张先林  阮仁良 《上海国土资源》2011,32(3):35-40

针对传统相对海平面变化分析方法均将理论海平面变化和地面沉降进行的叠加分析,本文讨论和分析了近20年来全球理论海平面上升速率加快背景下的区域海平面变化速率,利用灰色线性回归组合模型预测上海地区海平面变化趋势。考虑了上海地面沉降发展的新特点,以及长江流域来沙显著减少和河口大型工程建设对上海地区相对海平面变化的影响。在流域来沙量显著减少但来水量变化不大情况下,流域大坝的坝下冲刷使得河槽刷深,河口水位降低,同时长江口深水航道整治工程和促淤围垦工程束狭入海口,使得潮位站水位发生变化,两者的综合效应是目前研究长江口相对海平面变化时必须考虑的重要因素。  相似文献